Welcome to Geotech!
What is Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI)?
Core Principles
- Fundamental Theory
ERI utilizes resistivity differences in subsurface materials (e.g., 10-10⁶ Ω·m for rocks vs. 1-100 Ω·m for water-bearing strata) to reconstruct 3D geological structures. The method employs electrode arrays to inject currents (DC/AC) and measures resultant potential differences. - Electrode Array Configurations
Common configurations include:- Wenner Array: Stable measurements for shallow investigations (<50m)
- Schlumberger Array: Enhanced depth penetration (up to 200m)
- Dipole-Dipole: High lateral resolution but noise-sensitive
- Tomographic Inversion
Mathematical reconstruction algorithms resolve the ill-posed inverse problem through:
min∥W(d−F(m))∥2+λ∥Lm∥2
Where W = data weighting matrix, F = forward operator, λ = regularization parameter
Data Acquisition Technology
| Parameter | Specification | Optimization Strategy |
|---|---|---|
| Current Type | DC (0.1-10Hz) / AC (1kHz-1MHz) | Frequency-adaptive based on target depth |
| Electrode Spacing | 1-20m (surface) | Adaptive spacing algorithm |
| Measurement Precision | ±0.1mV voltage resolution | Quantum tunneling sensors |
| Noise Immunity | >80dB SNR | Active shielding & wavelet filtering |
Advanced Inversion Methods
- Regularization Techniques
- L2 Norm: Smooth models for homogeneous media
- L1 Norm: Sharp boundary detection (e.g., mineral veins)
- Structural Constraints: Incorporate seismic/EM data
- Machine Learning Enhancements
- CNN-Transformer hybrid networks reduce inversion time by 85%
- Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) improve resolution to 0.5m scale
Technical Advantages & Limitations
Advantages:
- Non-invasive subsurface imaging (0-2,000m depth)
- 0.1m³ resolution for cavity detection
- Real-time monitoring capabilities (e.g., pollutant migration)
Challenges:
- 15-20% model uncertainty in complex strata
- High equipment costs (50k−200k per system)48
Industrial Applications
| Field | Case Study | Performance |
|---|---|---|
| Mineral Exploration | Gold deposit in WA | Identified 0.3m-wide quartz veins8 |
| Environmental | Landfill leakage | Mapped contaminant plume (<±0.5m error)4 |
| Geotechnical | Tunnel void detection | Achieved 98% verification rate7 |
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DJF Series 5kW
DJF Series 10kW
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- Technical comparisons of full series (DJF Series 5kW/DJF Series 10kW)
- Typical engineering configuration packages
- Global case study video demonstrations
