What is ERT Testing? A Comprehensive Technical Guide

1. Technical Fundamentals of ERT Testing

1.1 Core Definitions

ERT Testing (Electrical Resistivity Tomography) is a 3D geophysical exploration method that reconstructs subsurface resistivity distributions through electrode arrays. Its technical essence lies in:

• ​Forward Modeling: Simulates current field distribution using Maxwell’s equations to calculate theoretical potential responses (error range ±5%)16.
• ​Inversion Algorithms: Converts measured data into resistivity models using regularization methods (e.g., L1/L2 constraints), with computation times ranging from 1-8 hours for 3D models37.

ERT Testing = ERT Test: Both terms refer to the same technology, with “testing” emphasizing implementation processes.

1.2 Method Classification Matrix

Type	Dimension	Electrodes	Resolution	Applications
​HDR	2D	60-240	0.5-5m	Karst pipeline detection
​DC Sounding	1D	4-8	10-50m	Vertical stratification
​ERT	3D	120-500	0.1-3m	Metal ore modeling

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2. Technical Comparisons & Innovations

2.1 HDR vs DC Sounding

High-Density Resistivity (HDR):

• ​Advantages:
  • Multi-channel synchronous acquisition (240 electrodes/hour)3
  • 80dB SNR in urban environments27
  • Identifies karst conduits <5m diameter (±2% accuracy in Wuhan case)2

DC Electrical Sounding:

• ​Value Proposition:
  • Vertical resolution: Layering error <8% (coal mine aquifer detection)4
  • Cost efficiency: 40% lower equipment investment7

2.2 Evolution of 2D/3D Imaging

Parameter	2D Imaging	3D Tomography
Data volume	100k-500k data points	1M-5M data points
Modeling time	15-60 minutes	1-8 hours (AI-accelerated ≤2h)
Key innovation	Sliding-window imaging	ConvResNet deep learning inversion3

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3. Industrial Applications & Case Studies

3.1 Mineral Resource Exploration

• ​Xinjiang Coal Mine Void Detection:
  • Technique: HDR + TEM integration
  • Outcome: 300m detection depth with <5% aquifer boundary error
  • Economic impact: Reduced daily water drainage by 12,000m³4

3.2 Urban Geological Safety

• ​Wuhan Subway Karst Warning:
  • Equipment: RadarScan 2000 multi-frequency GPR
  • Data: Identified 22,370m³ cavities (±1.5m positioning)2

3.3 Environmental Engineering

• ​VOC Contaminant Monitoring:
  • Method: ERT + TEM joint inversion
  • Sensitivity: 0.1ppm VOC detection5

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4. Equipment Solutions & Innovations

Product Line	Key Features	Applications
​GeoRes-3D Pro	120-channel AI switching	3D orebody modeling
​HDR-360	240-electrode synchronization	Urban road collapse warning
​DC-Sounder X	1000V high-voltage output	Deep aquifer analysis

Explore Solutions:
Visit www.geotechcn.net/ert-solutions for technical specifications

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