What is ERT？

What is Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT)?

Definition & Technical Principles
Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), referred to as 高密度电法 in Chinese geophysical practice, is an advanced subsurface imaging technique integrating DC resistivity measurements with tomographic inversion algorithms. Differing from conventional vertical electrical sounding (VES), Geotech’s Electrical Instrument Series employs multi-electrode arrays to generate detailed 2D/3D resistivity models through automated data acquisition and intelligent inversion processing.

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Comparative Analysis of ERT Methodologies

Dimension	1D Vertical Profile	2D Cross-Section	3D Volume Model
Data Density	Single-point (50-100/day)	High-density grid (5,000+/day)	Volumetric ultra-density
Resolution	>10m	1-5m	0.5-2m
Applications	Stratigraphic mapping	Engineering defects	Complex structure analysis
Geotech Solution	GD-10 Resistivity Meter	GERT-3000 Array System	3D-EX10 Workstation

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Technical Advantages of Geotech ERT Systems

Innovation Highlights

1. ​Multi-Channel Synchronization
   128-channel parallel acquisition enables 2D imaging at 200m²/min
2. ​Smart Electrode Array
   Wireless nodes with IP68 protection & automatic topology recognition
3. ​AI-Driven Inversion
   Deep learning algorithms enhance interpretation accuracy by 40% vs traditional methods
4. ​Adaptive Array Configuration
   Supports Wenner-Schlumberger-Dipole hybrid measurements with auto-optimized spacing

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Field Applications & Case Evidence

Gold Exploration Breakthrough (Xinjiang Project)

Equipment: GIM High-Density System
Parameters: IP chargeability + Resistivity joint inversion
Results:

• Identified 800m strike-slip fault (50-200Ω·m resistivity)
• Located 3 chargeability anomalies (>30mV/V)
  Outcome: 65% increase in drilling success rate

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Data Processing Innovations

Forward Modeling vs. Inversion Workflow
Geotech SmartERT software utilizes dual-grid inversion:

1. ​Forward Phase
   Finite-element modeling (COMSOL coupling) achieves 0.1m-level meshing
   www.geotechcn.net/en/forward-model.png
2. ​Inversion Optimization
   L-BFGS algorithm minimizes objective function:
   Φ = ||d_obs – d_cal||² + λ||∇m||²
   Iterations reduced from 50 to 20 cycles

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Performance Benchmarking

Specification	Competitor X	Geotech	Improvement
Max Depth	500m	800m (3D mode)	+60%
Voltage Accuracy	±1%	±0.5%	2x precision
Operation Time	8 hours	24h (solar-powered)	300% extended
Temp Range	-10℃~50℃	-30℃~70℃	Extreme adaptability

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Industry-Specific Implementations

1. ​Hydrogeology
   • Seawater intrusion monitoring (resistivity threshold <5Ω·m)
   • Groundwater contaminant plume tracking
2. ​Engineering QA/QC
   • Dam leakage detection (>30% resistivity deviation)
   • Tunnel lining integrity assessment
3. ​Mineral Exploration
   • Porphyry copper 3D modeling (chargeability >25mV/V)
   • Coal mine goaf detection

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Emerging Technological Trends

Geotech R&D Roadmap:

1. ​Quantum Resistivity Sensing
   SQUID-based nano-volt signal detection
2. ​UAV Array Surveying
   Daily 10km² coverage via drone-mounted ERT
3. ​Geothermal Dynamic Monitoring
   Long-term resistivity database (Patent Cloud Platform)

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